Aya H. M. Restorative Justice in Democratic Transition: Iraq as a Model

Abstract

After 2003, Iraq entered a critical transitional phase that required the adoption of restorative justice mechanisms to address the legacy of serious human rights violations and to create a conducive environment for democratic transformation. This study aims to analyze both the legal and societal frameworks adopted in Iraq to implement restorative justice, focusing on judicial and non-judicial mechanisms used to resolve conflicts, compensate victims, and rebuild trust among communities. It also examines the vital role played by non-governmental actors, particularly civil society organizations and tribal structures, in supporting societal reconciliation and reinforcing civil peace. The research evaluates the Iraqi experience in light of international standards and comparative practices to assess the effectiveness of these mechanisms in achieving sustainable justice.