Examining Sociodemographic Influences on Pain Medication During the Initial Orthopedic Postoperative Day in Kirkuk City (Azadi, Kirkuk Teaching Hospital)
Sociodemographic Influences on Pain Medication
Keywords:
Acute abdominal conditions, ultrasound, abdomen pain, emergency departmentAbstract
Introduction: This dissertation investigates pain from a neurobiological perspective, categorizing it into three distinct types: nociceptive pain, inflammatory pain, and the psychosocial factors influencing pain perception. Nociceptive pain serves as an early-warning mechanism, alerting individuals to harmful stimuli, while inflammatory pain enhances sensitivity after tissue damage, promoting healing. Despite their protective roles, both types of pain require effective management to prevent chronic issues.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Kirkuk Teaching Hospital and Azadi Teaching Hospital involving 195 patients who underwent emergency orthopedic surgery. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to assess pain intensity at 2-, 12-, and 24-hours post-surgery. The study examined various sociodemographic factors, surgical details, and pain management strategies to identify their influence on postoperative pain perception.
Results: The study revealed that a significant proportion of patients reported high pain levels (8/10) on the VAS, with males showing higher satisfaction levels with pain management compared to females. The most commonly used analgesics were acetaminophen and nefopam, often in combination. The duration of surgery correlated with the number of pain medications used, indicating that longer procedures necessitate more intensive pain management. Notably, sociodemographic factors did not significantly influence pain perception among the patient population.
Conclusion: The findings underscore the necessity for tailored pain management strategies in orthopedic settings, considering the unique demographics of patients in Kirkuk. Effective pain management protocols that utilize simpler analgesics may enhance patient satisfaction and recovery outcomes. Future research should focus on the long-term effects of these strategies and explore the reasons behind the lack of significant sociodemographic influences on pain perception.
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