Association of Interleukin-6, Interleukin-17 and Angiopoietin in Different Infections, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics in Women with Bad Obstetric History, Kirkuk, Iraq.

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32441/ijms.2.1.5

Keywords:

BOH, IL-6, IL-17, Bad obstetric history, Angiopoitine, Women

Abstract

Background: Bad obstetric history [BOH] is associated with microbiological infections and abnormal immunological responses.
Study design: Descriptive Case Control Study.
Aim: to determine the association of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17 (IL-17) and angiopoietin with infectivity inn female within Bad obstetric history, in Kirkuk city, Iraq.
Materials and method: The study included 547 Bad obstetric histories within Bad obstetric history and 291 female with normal pregnancy outcome. The test performed to detect IL-6, IL-17 and angiopoietin in 60 women with BOH, of them 20 were pregnant and 20 were non-pregnant at time of enrolment in the study. In addition, 20 female with inevitable abortion be included in the study. Also thee study included 28 women with normal pregnancy as control and 14 of them were pregnant and 14 were non-pregnant. Serological study carried out to determine IL-6, IL-17 and Angiopoietin using ELISA kits.
Results: IL-17 significantly lower in parvovirus 19 acute infection. Angiopoietin was significantly lower in Toxoplasma gondii infected women, while IL-6 was significantly higher in acute rubella infection as compared to non-infected. Angiopoietin was significantly higher in women with positive TPO autoantibodies. Smoking, animal exposure and low haemoglobin (<11) were associated with decrease in IL-6, while IL-17 was significantly higher in women with history of animal exposure.
Conclusion: IL-6, IL-17 and angiopoietin may be influenced by infections in women with BOH, however, this need to be evaluated in a large scale study.

References

Alsamarai AGM, Aljumaily ZK. Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex Virus -2 in Women with Bad Obstetric History. Part.I: Toxoplasma and Rubella Infections. Our Dermatol Online 2013; 4(4):522-535.

Alsamarai AGM, Aljumaily ZK. Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex Virus -2 in Women with Bad Obstetric History. Part.II: Cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex Virus Infections. Our Dermatol Online 2013; 4(4):536-544.]

Febbraio, M.A. Pedersen, B.K. Contraction-induced myokine production and release: is skeletal muscle an endocrine organ? Exercise Sport Sci Rev 2005; 33 (3): 114–119.

Gutierrez G, Sarto A, Berod L. Regulation of interleukin-6 fetoplacental levels could involve in the protective effect of low-molecular weight heparin treatment on murine spontaneous abortion. Am J Reprod Immunol 2004; 51(2): 160–165.

Vitoratos N, Papadias C, Economou E, Makrakis E, Panoulis C, Creatsas G. Elevated circulating IL-1β and TNF-α, and unaltered IL-6 in first-trimester pregnancies complicated by threatened abortion with an adverse outcome. Med Inflamm 2006(4): 304-85.

Pappu R, Ramirez-Carrozzi V, Sambandam A. The interleukin-17 cytokine family: critical players in host defense and inflammatory diseases. Immunology 2011;134 (1): 8–16.

Plaisier M, Rodrigues S, Willems F, Koolwijk P, van Hinsbergh VW, Helmerhorst F. Different degrees of vascularization and their relationship to the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, placental growth factor, angiopoietins, and their receptors in first-trimester decidual tissues. Fertil Steril 2007;88:176-87.

Hassan HM, Alsamarai AGM, Alsalihy FG, Alobaidi AHA, Aljumaili ZKM. Rubella seroprevalence in women with bad obstetric history. JOJ Immuno Virology 2016;1(2):555-560.

Aljumaili ZKM, Alsamarai AGM, Najem WS. Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence in women with bad obstetric history in Kirkuk, Iraq. J Infection Public Health 2014;7(4):277-88.

Aljumaili ZKM, Alsamarai AGM, Najem WS. Rubella seroprevalence in women with bad obstetric history. Research Review Bioscience 2014;8 (6):203-213.

Hassan HMM, Alsamarai AGM, Aljumaili ZKM, Alsalihi FG. Association between Herpes Simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and bad obstetric outcomes. Our DermatolOn line 2014;5(1):19-28.

Aljumaily ZK, Alsamarai AGM, Najem WS. Seroprevalence of herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2) in women with bad obstetric history. Am J Derm Vener 2013;2:31-8.

Hassan HM, Alsamarai AGM, Aljumaili ZK, Alobaidi AH, Alsalihi FG. Association between cytomegalovirus infection and bad obstetric history in women from Kirkuk. Int J Public Health Sci 2014;3(1):29-42.

Aljumaily ZK, Alsamarai AGM, Najem WS. Seroepidemiology of toxoplasma, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex in women with bad obstetric history. Middle East J Intern Med 2013;6(6):21-33.

Alsamarai AGM, Hassan HMM, Alsalihi FG, Alobaidi AH, Aljumaily ZK. Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella and Cytomegalovirus co-iunfections as a risk factors for abnormal pregnancy outcomes. Middle East J Fam Med 2014;12(3):16-23.

Aljumaily ZKM, Alsamarai AGM. Risk factors for bad obstetric history in Kirkuk women, Iraq. Int J Infect Microbiol 2013;2(3):70-77.

Aljumaili ZKM, Alsamarai AGM, Najem WS. Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in women with bad obstetric history. MEJIM 2014;7(1):6-18.

Abdulghani MA, Hala MM, Amina HA. Autoantibodies in Women with Bad Obstetric History. J Imm Cell Microbiology. 2016;1:9-18.

Suzuki Y, Joh K, Orellana MA, Conley FK, Remington JS. A gene(s) within the H-2D region determine development of toxoplasmic encephalitis in mice. Immunology 1991;74: 732-739.

Jebbari H, Roberts CW, Ferguson DJ, Bluethmann H, Alexander J. A protective role for IL-6 during early in fection with Toxoplasma gondi. Parasite Immunology 1998;20:231-239.

Kenneth O, Thomas R, Sven A, Peter S, Bente K. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine balance in strenuous exercise in humans. J. Physiol. 2001; 536 (2): 329-337.

Saraiva M, O'Garra A. The regulation of IL-10 production by immune cells Nature Reviews Immunology 2010;10: 170-181

Joanna M, Karna V, Dymicka P, Halina K. Does Toxoplasma gondii Infection Affect the Levels of IgE and Cytokines (IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and TNF-alpha)?. Clinical Developmental Immunology 2009; 37: 4

Calleja-Agius J, Muttukrishna S, Arnold R, Eric Jauniaux P. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in threatened miscarriage. American Journal Obstetrics Gynecology 2011;205(1):83-8.

Ahmed WD. Effects of IL-2 and IL-6 in recurrent spontaneous abortion. Iraqi J Pharm Sci 2008;17:74-79.

Lee S, Kim J, Jang B, Hur S, Jung U, Kil K, et al. An imbalance in interleukin-17 – producing T and Foxp31regulatory T cells in women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss. Human Reproduction 2011;26:2964-2971.

Silver JS, Stumhofer JS, Passos S, Ernst M, Hunter CA. IL-6 mediates the susceptibility of gp130 hypermorphs to Toxoplasma gondii. J Immunol. 2011; 187(1): 350–360.

Sara TP, Jonathan SS, Aisling CO, David S, Jason S, Stumhofer A, etal. IL-6 Promotes NK Cell Production of IL-17 during Toxoplasmosis. J Immunol 2010;184(1): 1776-1783.

Claire Daban H, Mohamed L, Jean-Romain R, Marine D, Ophélia G. Relationship between Toxoplasma gondii infection and bipolar disorder in a French sample. J Affective Disorders 2013;148 :444-448.

AL-Dahmoshi H, AL-Mammoyi RT. Study of IL8 and IL-17 Levels among certain group of R. SA W omen with or without Toxoplasmosis, Iraq. J Immunol 2103;2(8):37-41.

Irike FY, Reiss M, Scharp V, Grunow S, Koidl G, Thurston NW. Angiopoietin-"2 sensitizes endothelial cells to TNF- and has a crucial role in the induction of inflammation nature. Medicine 2012; 12: 235 – 239.

Mariola Ś, Mossoń M, Monika J, Stanisław M. The effect of smoking on expression of IL-6 and antioxidants in pancreatic fluids and tissues in patients with chronic pancreatitis and acute pancreatitis. Pancreatology. 2012; 8: 63–70

Blanc L, Falzon D, Fitzpatrick C, Floyd K, Garcia I, Gilpin C, et al. Global Tuberculosis Control. World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland; 2010.

David B, Christina M, Aleksandar B, Georg W. Cigarette smoke– an aging accelerator? Experimental Gerontology 2007;42:160–165.

Toshihiro I, Chiki C. Association between smokers and tobacco in endothelial dysfunction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007;292:H130–H139.

Ganz T, Nemeth E. Iron sequestration and anemia of inflammation. Semin Hematol 2009; 46:387- 393.

Nemeth E, Rivera S, Gabayanm V. IL-6 mediates hypoferremia of inflammation by inducing the synthesis of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin J Clin Invest 2004;113:1271-1276.

Weiss G. Iron metabolism in the anemia of chronic disease. Biochim Biophys Acta 2011; 34:682-693.

Wrighting DM, Andrews NC. Interleukin-6 induces hepcidin expression through STAT3. 2006;108:3204-3209.

Peyssonnaux C, Zinkernagel AS, Dattam V. TLR4-dependent hepcidin expression by myeloid cells in response to bacterial pathogens. Blood 2006;107:3727-3732.

Ganz T. Hepcidin and its role in regulating systemic iron metabolism. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2006;507:29-35.

Hohaus S, Massini G, Giachelia M, Vannata B, Bozzoli V, Cuccaro A, et al. The role of interleukin-6 and hepcidin. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(15):2538-43.

Morozink JA, Christopher L. Socioeconomic and psychosocial predictors of interleukin-6 in the MIDUS National Sample. Health Psychol. 2010;(6): 626–635.

Fang S, Jing W, Nalle P, Hannele L, Petri I. Generation of functional blood vessels from a single c-kit+ adult vascular endothelial stem cell. PLOS Biology 2012; 10:1001-407.

Plaisier I, Dennert J, Rost E, Koolwijk P, Hinsbergh V, Helmerhorst FM. Decidual ascularization and the expression of angiogenic growth factors and proteases in first trimester spontaneous abortions. Oxford J Med Human Reprod 2013;42(1) 185-97.

Zhang ZG, Zhang L, Croll SD, Chopp M. Angiopoietin-1 reduces cerebral blood vessel leakage and ischemic lesion volume after focal cerebral embolic ischemia in mice. Neuroscience 2002;113:683–687

Daponte A, Deligeoroglou E, Spyros P, Christos H, Antonios G, Foteini A, Ioannis E. Interleukin-15 (IL-15) and anti-C1q antibodies as serum biomarkers for ectopic pregnancy and missed abortion. Clin Develop Immunol 2013; 6 (10). 637-513.

Carlson TR, Feng Y, Maisonpierre PC, Mrksich M, Morla AO. Direct cell adhesion to the angiopoietins mediated by integrins. J Biol Chem 2001;276(28): 516-25.

Kolls JK, Linden A. Interleukin-17 family members and inflammation. Immunity 2004;21;467–476.

Jiyeon S, Kim L, Jennifer E, Smith-Garvin L, Gary A, Koretzky L. The requirements for natural Th17 cell development are distinct from those of conventional Th17 cells. JEM Home. 2008;11: 22-11.

Tobias W, Rüdiger P, Laubender S, Witkin A, Gingelmaier B, Schiess F. Influence of maternal age, gestational age and fetal gender on expression of immune mediators in amniotic fluid. BMC Research Notes 2012; 5:375-221.

Jayaraman P, Parikh F, Lopez-Rivera E, Hailemichael Y, Clark A, Ma G, et al. Tumor-expressed inducible nitric oxide synthase controls induction of functional myeloid-derived suppressor cells through modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor release. J. Immunol.2012; 188(11); 5365–5376.

Figueroa-Vega N, Sanz-Cameno P, Moreno-Otero R, Sa´nchez-Madrid F, Gonza´lez AR, Marazuela M. Serum levels of angiogenic molecules in autoimmune thyroid diseases and their correlation with laboratory and clinical features. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94: 1145–1153.

Siminska L, Celina W, Beata K, Kudła L, Dariusz K, Mariusz N, et al. Serum concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, and interleukin-6in postmenopausal women with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Endokrynologia Polska/Polish J Endocrinol 2010; 61(1):112-6.

Maha K, Krichen B, Mnif I, Fadia B, Ilhem C, Sandra R. IL-1 a potential factor for discriminating between thyroid carcinoma and atrophic thyroiditis. Eur Cytokine Netw.2012; 23: 101-6.

Park H. A distinct lineage of CD4 T cells regulates tissue inflammation by producing interleukin 17. Nat Immunol 2005; 6:1133–1141.

Horwitz DA, Zheng SG, Gray JD. Natural and TGF –beta-induced Fox3(+)CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells are not mirror images of each other. Trends Immunol 2008;29:429-435.

Zhou X, Kong N, Zou H, Brand D, Li X, Liu Z, et al. Therapeutic potential of TGF-beta-induced CD4(+) Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells in autoimmune diseases. Autoimmunity 2011;44:43-50.

Lan Q, Fan H, Quesniaux V, Ryffel B, Liu Z, Zheng SG. Induced Foxp3+regulatory T cells : a potential new weapon to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. J Mol Cell Biol 2012;4:22-28.

Thornton AM, Korty PE, Tran DQ, Wohlfert EA, Murray PE, Belkaid Y, et al. Transcription factor family member, differentiates thymic-derived from peripherally induced Foxp3+ T regulatory cells. J Immunol. 2010;184:3433–3441

Sakaguchi S, Sakaguchi N, Asano M, Itoh M, Toda M. Immunologic self-tolerance maintained by activated T cells expressing IL-2 receptor alpha-chains (CD25). Breakdown of a single mechanism of self-tolerance causes various autoimmune diseases. J Immunol. 1995;155:1151–1164.

Seddiki N, Santner-Nannan B, Martinson J, Zaunders J, Sasson J, Landay S, et al. Expression of interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-7 receptors discriminates between human regulatory and activated T cells. J Exp Med 2006;203:1693-1700.

Miyara M, Yoshioka Y, Kitoh A, Shima T, Wing K, Niwa A, et al . Functional delineation and differentiation dynamics of human CD4+ T cells expressing the Foxp3 transcription factor. Immunity 2009;30:899-911.

Ioana G, Crișan CI, Bocșan C, Vesa A. Correlations between serum levels of IL-17, IL-4, IL-31, IFN-gamma and etiological factors in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria. Intern J Bioflux 2014; 6 (1): 25-29.

Nilsson M, Husmark J, Björkman U, Ericson LE. Cytokines and thyroid epithelial integrity: interleukin-1alpha induces dissociation of the junctional complex and paracellular leakage in filter-cultured human thyrocytes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 83(3): 945-52.

Downloads

Published

2022-05-20 — Updated on 2019-01-01

Versions

How to Cite

Alsamarai, A. ., Hassan, H., & Alobaidi, A. (2019). Association of Interleukin-6, Interleukin-17 and Angiopoietin in Different Infections, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics in Women with Bad Obstetric History, Kirkuk, Iraq. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, 2(1), 43–57. https://doi.org/10.32441/ijms.2.1.5 (Original work published May 20, 2022)